Environmental pollution by oil and petroleum products is currently a global problem, taking second
place after radioactive contamination. The consequences of oil spills are environmental disasters all over
the world. The urgency of environmental problems of oil-contaminated wastewater treatment dictates
the need for the use of non-standard technologies for cleaning pollutants by industrial enterprises. A
comprehensive and at the same time local view of the pollution problem is needed. Therefore, the need
to develop and apply new, effective, inexpensive and environmentally friendly methods of cleaning
from oil pollution is obvious. This article discusses the main roles and capabilities of aquatic plants in
the phytoremediation of oil-contaminated wastewater. The widespread use of aquatic plants is due to
their accessibility, resistance to toxic environments, bioaccumulation potential, invasive mechanism and
biomass potential.