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Bulletin of Abai KazNPU. Series of Natural-geographical sciences

DETERMINATION OF RESISTANCE OF SAMPLES OF ROMANIAN WHEAT TO POPULATION OF COMMON BUNT (TILLETIA CARIES (DC). TUL) IN ALMATY REGION

Published June 2023

238

61

Abstract

One of the most dangerous fungal diseases of wheat is common bunt (Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul). In the field, common bunt teliospores appear instead of wheat grain endosperm and remain invisible inside a healthy ear. The causative agent Tilletia caries (DC.) Tul reduces the quality of grain in the field during the years of epiphytosis and makes it completely unusable. To prevent serious disease, common bunt seeds can be treated with chemicals, but overuse of chemicals is harmful to the environment. Therefore, the most effective way to control common bunt is to introduce resistant varieties. Currently, in connection with the development of organic farming, the use of resistant varieties as organic products to combat fungal diseases instead of various chemicals is considered an urgent issue. The purpose of the study was to test the resistance of Romanian wheat samples to the population of common bunt in the Almaty region. As an object of study, 10 samples of Romanian wheat were taken. Variety Bogarnaya 56 was used as a standard disease-resistant variety. As a result of the research, 9 varieties of wheat resistant to the disease were identified. These are: F07270G2, F08034G1, F08245G1, F08126G1, F06393GP10, F08347G8, F06659G-1, RETEZAT and PARTENER. When determining the plant biomass index (NDVI), the biomass of 2 samples was considered high. In structural analysis, samples F08347G8, PARTENER and F08245G1 were rated as high. Wheat accessions that are resistant to common bunt under artificial conditions and have high yields can be introduced into breeding programs as donors resistant to Tilletia caries (D.C.) Tul.

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